"art" meaning in Middle English

See art in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /art/, /aːrt/ [Northern] Forms: artes [plural], ars [plural], aart [alternative], arte [alternative]
Etymology: Borrowed from Old French art, from Latin artem, accusative form of ars, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥tís. Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|(area of) knowledge}}, {{bor|enm|fro|art}} Old French art, {{der|enm|la|artem}} Latin artem, {{der|enm|ine-pro|*h₂r̥tís}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥tís Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} art, {{enm-noun|artes|pl2=ars}} art (plural artes or ars)
  1. Knowledge about a field or subject (either academic or trade):
    A member of the seven medieval liberal arts (the trivium and quadrivium).
    Sense id: en-art-enm-noun-kWoFxMBC
  2. Knowledge about a field or subject (either academic or trade):
    The seven medieval liberal arts collectively.
    Sense id: en-art-enm-noun-ioE~D58x Categories (other): Sciences Disambiguation of Sciences: 10 12 14 16 9 2 7 14 17
  3. Competence or skill in a particular task.
    Sense id: en-art-enm-noun-Aalx3u~7 Categories (other): Administrative divisions, Sciences Disambiguation of Administrative divisions: 10 7 13 21 6 6 7 19 11 Disambiguation of Sciences: 10 12 14 16 9 2 7 14 17
  4. General knowledge, skill, or competence.
    Sense id: en-art-enm-noun-7I4JpRNn Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Administrative divisions, Art, Education, Sciences Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 9 10 7 28 8 5 9 9 16 Disambiguation of Administrative divisions: 10 7 13 21 6 6 7 19 11 Disambiguation of Art: 16 16 0 29 5 5 11 0 17 Disambiguation of Education: 19 19 25 37 0 0 0 0 0 Disambiguation of Sciences: 10 12 14 16 9 2 7 14 17
  5. Deception; misleading behaviour or an instance of it.
    Sense id: en-art-enm-noun-l5RIpHAV
  6. A code of conduct; a set of behavioural guidelines.
    Sense id: en-art-enm-noun-QBGgWUn7
  7. (rare) Human behaviour (as opposed to natural occurences). Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-art-enm-noun-MJypefWK
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

Etymology: From Old English eard, from Proto-West Germanic *ard, from Proto-Germanic *ardiz (“nature; type”). Doublet of erd (“nature, disposition”). Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|eard}} Old English eard, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*ard}} Proto-West Germanic *ard, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*ardiz||nature; type}} Proto-Germanic *ardiz (“nature; type”), {{doublet|enm|erd|t1=nature, disposition}} Doublet of erd (“nature, disposition”) Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} art
  1. (Northern) district, locality Tags: Northern
    Sense id: en-art-enm-noun-enm:district__locality Categories (other): Northern Middle English, Administrative divisions, Sciences Disambiguation of Administrative divisions: 10 7 13 21 6 6 7 19 11 Disambiguation of Sciences: 10 12 14 16 9 2 7 14 17
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Verb

IPA: /art/ Forms: eart [alternative], ert [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English eart, second person singular of wesan (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *art, second person singular of *iraną. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|eart}} Old English eart, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*art}} Proto-Germanic *art Head templates: {{head|enm|verb form}} art
  1. second-person singular present indicative of been Tags: form-of, indicative, present, second-person, singular Form of: been
    Sense id: en-art-enm-verb-enm:2p_singular_of__to_be_ Categories (other): Administrative divisions, Sciences Disambiguation of Administrative divisions: 10 7 13 21 6 6 7 19 11 Disambiguation of Sciences: 10 12 14 16 9 2 7 14 17
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "art"
          },
          "expansion": "English: art",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic",
            "2": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic, dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: art (archaic, dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "yarth",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: yarth, yart",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: yarth, yart"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "eart"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English eart",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*art"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *art",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English eart, second person singular of wesan (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *art,\nsecond person singular of *iraną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "eart",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ert",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "art",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 13 21 6 6 7 19 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Administrative divisions",
          "orig": "enm:Administrative divisions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 16 9 2 7 14 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sciences",
          "orig": "enm:Sciences",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "second-person singular present indicative of been"
      ],
      "id": "en-art-enm-verb-enm:2p_singular_of__to_be_",
      "links": [
        [
          "been",
          "been#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:2p singular of \"to be\""
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/art/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "art"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "art"
          },
          "expansion": "English: art",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: art"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "airt"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: airt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: airt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "(area of) knowledge"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "art"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French art",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "artem"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin artem",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂r̥tís"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥tís",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French art, from Latin artem, accusative form of ars, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥tís.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "artes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aart",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arte",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "art",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "artes",
        "pl2": "ars"
      },
      "expansion": "art (plural artes or ars)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Knowledge about a field or subject (either academic or trade):",
        "A member of the seven medieval liberal arts (the trivium and quadrivium)."
      ],
      "id": "en-art-enm-noun-kWoFxMBC",
      "links": [
        [
          "field",
          "field"
        ],
        [
          "subject",
          "subject"
        ],
        [
          "medieval",
          "medieval"
        ],
        [
          "liberal arts",
          "liberal arts"
        ],
        [
          "trivium",
          "trivium#English"
        ],
        [
          "quadrivium",
          "quadrivium#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 16 9 2 7 14 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sciences",
          "orig": "enm:Sciences",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Knowledge about a field or subject (either academic or trade):",
        "The seven medieval liberal arts collectively."
      ],
      "id": "en-art-enm-noun-ioE~D58x",
      "links": [
        [
          "field",
          "field"
        ],
        [
          "subject",
          "subject"
        ],
        [
          "liberal arts",
          "liberal arts"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 13 21 6 6 7 19 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Administrative divisions",
          "orig": "enm:Administrative divisions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 16 9 2 7 14 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sciences",
          "orig": "enm:Sciences",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Competence or skill in a particular task."
      ],
      "id": "en-art-enm-noun-Aalx3u~7",
      "links": [
        [
          "Competence",
          "competence"
        ],
        [
          "skill",
          "skill"
        ],
        [
          "task",
          "task"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 10 7 28 8 5 9 9 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 13 21 6 6 7 19 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Administrative divisions",
          "orig": "enm:Administrative divisions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 0 29 5 5 11 0 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Art",
          "orig": "enm:Art",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 25 37 0 0 0 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Education",
          "orig": "enm:Education",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 16 9 2 7 14 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sciences",
          "orig": "enm:Sciences",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "General knowledge, skill, or competence."
      ],
      "id": "en-art-enm-noun-7I4JpRNn",
      "links": [
        [
          "knowledge",
          "knowledge"
        ],
        [
          "skill",
          "skill"
        ],
        [
          "competence",
          "competence"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Deception; misleading behaviour or an instance of it."
      ],
      "id": "en-art-enm-noun-l5RIpHAV",
      "links": [
        [
          "Deception",
          "deception"
        ],
        [
          "misleading",
          "misleading"
        ],
        [
          "behaviour",
          "behaviour"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A code of conduct; a set of behavioural guidelines."
      ],
      "id": "en-art-enm-noun-QBGgWUn7",
      "links": [
        [
          "code of conduct",
          "code of conduct"
        ],
        [
          "behavioural",
          "behavioural"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Human behaviour (as opposed to natural occurences)."
      ],
      "id": "en-art-enm-noun-MJypefWK",
      "links": [
        [
          "behaviour",
          "behaviour"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Human behaviour (as opposed to natural occurences)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/art/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aːrt/",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "art"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "airt"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: airt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: airt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "ete"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: ete",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: ete"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "eard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English eard",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*ard"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ard",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ardiz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nature; type"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ardiz (“nature; type”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "erd",
        "t1": "nature, disposition"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of erd (“nature, disposition”)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English eard, from Proto-West Germanic *ard, from Proto-Germanic *ardiz (“nature; type”). Doublet of erd (“nature, disposition”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "art",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 13 21 6 6 7 19 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Administrative divisions",
          "orig": "enm:Administrative divisions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 16 9 2 7 14 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sciences",
          "orig": "enm:Sciences",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "district, locality"
      ],
      "id": "en-art-enm-noun-enm:district__locality",
      "links": [
        [
          "district",
          "district"
        ],
        [
          "locality",
          "locality"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Northern) district, locality"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:district, locality"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "art"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English doublets",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English non-lemma forms",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verb forms",
    "Pages with 23 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Administrative divisions",
    "enm:Art",
    "enm:Education",
    "enm:Sciences"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "art"
          },
          "expansion": "English: art",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic",
            "2": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic, dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: art (archaic, dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "yarth",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: yarth, yart",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: yarth, yart"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "eart"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English eart",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*art"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *art",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English eart, second person singular of wesan (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *art,\nsecond person singular of *iraną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "eart",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ert",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "art",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English second-person singular forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "second-person singular present indicative of been"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "been",
          "been#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:2p singular of \"to be\""
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/art/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "art"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English doublets",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 23 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Administrative divisions",
    "enm:Art",
    "enm:Education",
    "enm:Sciences"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "art"
          },
          "expansion": "English: art",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: art"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "airt"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: airt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: airt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "(area of) knowledge"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "art"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French art",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "artem"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin artem",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂r̥tís"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥tís",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French art, from Latin artem, accusative form of ars, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥tís.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "artes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aart",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arte",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "art",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "artes",
        "pl2": "ars"
      },
      "expansion": "art (plural artes or ars)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Knowledge about a field or subject (either academic or trade):",
        "A member of the seven medieval liberal arts (the trivium and quadrivium)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "field",
          "field"
        ],
        [
          "subject",
          "subject"
        ],
        [
          "medieval",
          "medieval"
        ],
        [
          "liberal arts",
          "liberal arts"
        ],
        [
          "trivium",
          "trivium#English"
        ],
        [
          "quadrivium",
          "quadrivium#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Knowledge about a field or subject (either academic or trade):",
        "The seven medieval liberal arts collectively."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "field",
          "field"
        ],
        [
          "subject",
          "subject"
        ],
        [
          "liberal arts",
          "liberal arts"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Competence or skill in a particular task."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Competence",
          "competence"
        ],
        [
          "skill",
          "skill"
        ],
        [
          "task",
          "task"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "General knowledge, skill, or competence."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "knowledge",
          "knowledge"
        ],
        [
          "skill",
          "skill"
        ],
        [
          "competence",
          "competence"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Deception; misleading behaviour or an instance of it."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Deception",
          "deception"
        ],
        [
          "misleading",
          "misleading"
        ],
        [
          "behaviour",
          "behaviour"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A code of conduct; a set of behavioural guidelines."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "code of conduct",
          "code of conduct"
        ],
        [
          "behavioural",
          "behavioural"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Human behaviour (as opposed to natural occurences)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "behaviour",
          "behaviour"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Human behaviour (as opposed to natural occurences)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/art/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aːrt/",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "art"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English doublets",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 23 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Administrative divisions",
    "enm:Art",
    "enm:Education",
    "enm:Sciences"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "airt"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: airt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: airt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "ete"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: ete",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: ete"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "eard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English eard",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*ard"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ard",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ardiz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nature; type"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ardiz (“nature; type”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "erd",
        "t1": "nature, disposition"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of erd (“nature, disposition”)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English eard, from Proto-West Germanic *ard, from Proto-Germanic *ardiz (“nature; type”). Doublet of erd (“nature, disposition”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "art",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Northern Middle English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "district, locality"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "district",
          "district"
        ],
        [
          "locality",
          "locality"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Northern) district, locality"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:district, locality"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "art"
}

Download raw JSONL data for art meaning in Middle English (7.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.